Calligraphic expertise is a technique or speciality which is essentially concerned with the authenticity or falseness of writings or signatures as well as the identification of the author if such anonymous or false writings.   Grafo Expert  

Calligraphic expert evidence is regulated by Criminal Prosecution Law (Spain), in articles 456a to 485. An additional article, 606, states the following: “The comparison of characters in handwriting can be requested of the prejudiced that denies to furnish such material, or that public documentation whose authenticity or substance is in doubt and is not able to be recognised by the civil servant who expedited said documentation. Such a comparison will be carried out by a calligraphic expert subject to the fifth paragraph of this section.”      VALORATION OF EVIDENCE  Calligraphic expert evidence will serve the judicial organ in assisting in the...

We will require the documentation whose authenticity or falseness is in question along with the authentic signatures or handwritings for comparison purposes and so as to determine if the author is the same, in which case, authenticity is proven.  This is due to two reasons:  Legal: Jurisprudence asserts that any analysis carried out using photo-copied material is not valid due to the reliability of such material and therefore the judicial sentence cannot be based upon reliable evidence. Expert witnesses: The calligraphic expert is not able to evaluate certain transcendental characteristics that may be required to resolve a...

The grapho-psychological expert carries out investigation on the handwriting with regard to the mental or emotional state of a subject, an in the forensic environment this can be applied in different fields:   IN CASES OF DEATH: In some cases doubt of a signature or handwriting does not exist although those family members or close friends negatively affected by documentation of the deceased feel or know that the deceased was not in a stable mental state and was therefore not in possession of all faculties when executing such documentation. It is becoming increasingly frequent that the elderly change their wills at the last moment or sign a document, and after their death,...

Nowadays, it is not possible to date handwriting by analysis of ink or paper. Some are of the opinion that it is feasible, although the rigorous expert, in accordance with the scientific community, is aware that the dating of handwriting cannot be determined with certainty. One should take into account that ink and paper are organic materials and as such deteriorate naturally. This deterioration not only occurs due to factors such as the passing of time but also light, heat and humidity among others, and any such agent can alter a document and therefore limits the ability to study it thoroughly.  There are some situations however, in which one can determine with a...